Malignant germ cell tumors of the vagina represent a critical site for local treatment. Taiwanese j obstet gynecol june 2004 vol 43 no 2 1 advanced endodermal sinus tumor with contralateral dermoid tumor during pregnancy. Endoscopic anatomy of the paranasal sinuses kindle edition. Vaginal germ cell tumor gct is a rare gynecological malignancy with no more than 100. The superior border of this sinus is the bony orbit, the inferior is the maxillary alveolar bone and corresponding tooth roots, the medial border is made up of the nasal cavity and the lateral and anterior border are limited. Nasal and paranasal tumors diagnosis and treatment mayo clinic. The imaging features of these benign tumors and tumor like inflammatory diseases often resemble malignant tumors, and some benign lesions should be given attention in the followup period and before surgery to avoid recurrence, malignant transformation, or massive bleeding. Complete surgical excision of the tumor has been performed and four years after surgical treatment, there is no sign of recurrence. Maxillary sinus tumors potentially block the drainage of mucus from the cavity.
The university of maryland medical center describes sinus headaches as a dull, deep, throbbing pain in the front of your head and face. Every tumor was diffusely and strongly immunostained for cytokeratin. Both ct and mri scans help find cancers of the nasal. Treatment with peb regimen induced both tumor regression and. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. We are proposing the term embryonal carcinoma for this neoplasm in order to distinguish it from the more common endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary and to emphasize the histologic similarity to embryonal carcinoma of the adult testis.
The residual dermoid tumor arrows lying in the most caudal subarachnoid space is difficult to see. Endodermal sinus tumor definition of endodermal sinus tumor. T staging for nasal and paranasal sinus tumours except sinonasal malignant melanoma. Rare cases of mixed endodermal sinus tumor within endometriosis, endometrioid carcinoma, or mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary have been reported lopez et al. Maxillary sinus inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors. Endodermal sinus tumor est is the rarest of the vaginal tumors. Endodermal sinus tumor online pathology video online.
Since maxillary sinus tumors put pressure on tissues in the head they sometimes cause sinus headaches. This was a prospective study carried out in a tertiary institution. Genetic and rare diseases information center gard po box 8126, gaithersburg, md 208988126 toll free. Healthy and inflammation nasal sinus vector illustration medical infographic of sinus and human nasal anatomy.
Sep 01, 2004 my cat has been having nose bleeds so i took her in to my vet today. Imaging and resectability issues of sinonasal tumors medscape. Mar 11, 20 tumor causing bone erosion or destruction including extension into the hard palate andor middle nasal meatus, except extension to posterior wall of maxillary sinus and pterygoid plates is a t2 stage tumor. Yolk sac tumors ysts, also known as endodermal sinus tumors, are malignant germ cell tumors that secrete alphafetoprotein afp. Endodermal sinus tumor or yolk sac tumor of the vagina is a rare malignant germcell tumor which is seen exclusively in children younger than 3 years of age. Endodermal sinus tumor, also known as yolk sac tumor yst, is a malignant germ cell tumor that most frequently occurs in the testis, the ovary, and sacrococcygeal areas in children. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance images of endodermal. Treatment of ovarian endodermal sinus tumor to preserve. This case stresses the importance of early diagnosis of maxillary sinus carcinoma, in order to increase chances of survival. She received chemotherapy and radiotherapy at the age of 4. Serum alphafoetoprotein afp and serum carcinoembryonic antigen cea levels were measured, serially whenever possible, in 70 patients attending the.
The effects on teeth of radiotherapy for nasal endodermal. R b schwartz, k m jones, p kalina, r l bajakian, m t mantello, b garada, b l holman. Five patients were treated with excisional surgery, and all six with chemotherapy. Maxillary sinus functions and complications with lateral window and osteotome sinus floor elevation procedures the journal of contemporary dental practice, mayjune 20. United kingdom national multidisciplinary guidelines. Resection includes the maxilla, nasal bone, ethmoid sinus, and sometimes the pterygoid plates.
Germ cell tumors, the most common ovarian malignancies in females under the age of 21, are rare in older women. One patient had a residual lesion that was biopsed twice and no viable tumor cells were ever found. Health, general biopsy usage cat scans ct imaging hamartoma case studies diagnosis paranasal sinuses diseases. Imaging features of benign mass lesions in the nasal cavity. For language access assistance, contact the ncats public information officer. Apr 06, 2020 sinonasal tumors can invade into critical structures. Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary in an 86 year old woman. These cases challenge the theory that pure endodermal sinus.
Endodermal sinus tumor is soft and friable with a smooth external surface and a cystic and perhaps solid variegated yellow or gray sectioned surface. The latter includes local or regional flaps in addition to freetissue transfer of a soft. By signing this form, i am granting consent to the nose and sinus clinic, to use and disclose my protected health information for the purposes of treatment, payment and health care operations. Endodermal sinus tumor of vagina in infants smita chauhan. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline. Original article, case study by ear, nose and throat journal. Endodermal sinus tumor of the maxillary sinus gerritjan. Endodermal sinus tumor and embryonal carcinoma of the. The tumor was present in a developmentally delayed.
They included 2 ovarian, 2 testicular, and 1 inguinal tumors. Endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina a rare entity. Here, we report a case of endodermal sinus tumor which occurred in a 14yearold girl. I have been referred to an internal medicine vet for further diagnosistreatment.
The incidence of yolk sac tumor endodermal sinus tumor. Endodermal sinus or yolk sac tumors are aggressive malignant neoplasms that, either alone or as a component of a mixed germ cell tumor, are the second most common histologic subtype of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors in children and adolescents. We report on our experience with two vaginal endodermal sinus tumors. This report describes six patients with endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina and cervix, a polypoid friable tumor whose clinical presentation in girls younger than age 3 years simulates the. Lymphomas cancers starting in immune system cells called lymphocytes can occur in the nasal cavity and. Microscopically, there is a wide variety of patterns and several histology subtypes. Cancerous nasal cavity or sinus tumors are rare, with only about 2000 being diagnosed in the united states each year. This report describes six patients with endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina and cervix, a polypoid friable tumor whose clinical presentation in girls younger than age 3 years simulates the presentation of sarcoma botryoides. Endodermal sinus tumor must be included in future studies of advanced stage iii nsgctt as an important prognostic variable. Head and neck clinic by ear, nose and throat journal. Endodermal sinus tumor an overview sciencedirect topics. In four of the six patients, the referring diagnosis was sarcoma botryoides. Excluding 79 cases of pure seminoma, yolk sac tumor elements were found in 26 38% of 68 tumors. Initial ultrasound findings revealed a large ovarian.
A series of five endodermal sinus tumors was studied for their cytoskeletal and other phenotypic markers. Endodermal sinus tumor of vagina posing a diagnostic challenge and managed by chemotherapy and novel posterior sagittal surgical approach. Mixed germ cell lesions often contain endodermal sinus tumors as one of the types present. In human medicine it is described, that obstruction of the sinonasal communication plays a major role in the development of sinusitis. Three of them present special clinical and pathologic features that further substantiate the extraembryonic origin of this teratoid tumor. To view various significant pathological condition of paranasal sinus diseases. The surgery spares the zygoma, orbital periosteum, and palatal mucosa. The addition of single agent bolus cisplatin to the treatment of patients with advanced disease achieved no improvement in survival. Computed tomography anatomy of the paranasal sinuses and. Endodermal sinus tumors yolk sac tumors are malignant germ cell tumors that usually arise in the gonads. They can also show if a tumor has spread into nearby soft tissues, like the eyeball, brain, or blood vessels.
Page 40 computer aided navigation systems have made a sea change in nasal surgery by endoscopic approach. Endodermal sinus tumor est is the most common histologic subtype of malignant gct. Endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina and cervix deepdyve. Transnasal marsupialization using endoscopic sinus surgery. Ysts are highly aggressive and because of the early metastatic or invasive pattern, their prognosis has been poor. Jameszinreich,md,nafiaygun,md since the introduction of functional endoscopic sinus surgery fess in the united states in 1985, the information gained from imaging of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses has proved imperative in understanding the regional morphology and.
The tumor was hypointense on t2weighted mr images and had. Maxillary sinus functions and complications with lateral. I give my permission to the nose and sinus clinic, to administer treatment and perform necessary minor operative procedures in diagnosing. Sep 01, 2016 a majority of maxillary sinus tumours are diagnosed in their advanced stage, leading to poorer prognosis. This is the standard operation for locally advanced carcinoma of maxilla. It commonly occurs in children of under 3 years and usually presents with vaginal bleeding 1,2 est is most frequently encountered in the ovary. The consequences of these developments results in the surgeon needing to know thoroughly the. Although imts can arise in any area of the body, lesions arising in certain sites, namely, the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and pterygopalatine fossa, demonstrate a heightened neoplastic and invasive potential. Abstract the incidence of endodermal sinus tumor est or yolk sac tumor yst elements has been studied in two series of testicular germ. There have been limited case reports of postmenopausal women diagnosed with pure endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. Postpubertal yolk sac tumor carries a poorer prognosis due.
The tumor typically arises from the lateral nasal wall and often extends into one or more adjacent sinuses. University of florida for tumors of the nasal cavity, sphenoid, and. She will be going in as soon as i can set up the appointment. Using an endoscopic camera to see inside your nasal cavity and sinuses. About nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer what are nasal. She presented with lower abdominal pain for about 4 months. The intercavernous sinuses anterior, posterior, and inferior are variable dural venous sinuses that connect the left and right cavernous sinuses some authors also include in this group the basilar venous plexus basilar sinus and sinus of the dorsum sellae 2.
Eight patients presenting with endodermal sinus tumour of the ovary have been treated with combination chemotherapy using cisplatin, bleomycin and vinblastine pvb. Design retrospective study january 1, 1970, through december 31, 2000. Endodermal sinus tumor of the paranasal sinuses request pdf. An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor imt is an immunohistochemically diverse entity demonstrating neoplastic and nonneoplastic qualities. Nasal sinus with internal demonstration of sinusitis, facial inflammation that causes headache and malaise nasal sinus. Jun 15, 2016 if both fluid and tumor are present within the frontal sinus, it is preferable to place the frontal trephine in an area where seeding of the tumor will not occur i. Complete remission occurred in 7 out of 8 cases, all of whom are alive and well 3 to. Contrastenhanced computed tomography revealed calcified peritoneal implants with a malignant ovarian mass.
Carcinoma of maxillary sinus masquerading as odontogenic. Transnasal marsupialization using endoscopic sinus surgery is effective in treating keratocystic odontogenic tumors. Sckhwannoma is a benign tumor arising from the schwann cells of nerve sheath. The remaining tumor shrank, becoming free of infection after surgery, without proliferation. Yolk sac tumor also termed endodermal sinus tumor malignant develop as a result of differentiation of primitive malignant germ cell elements in the direction of yolk sac or vitelline structures. The aim of this study is to report a carcinoma affecting the maxillary sinus of a young adult, with diagnosis only being achieved with an intraoral biopsy, after the lesion had perforated the palate bone. A unilateral maxillary sinus tumor pubmed central pmc. Sinonasal malignancies snm can grow to considerable size before presentation, and aggressive therapy may be needed in areas close to the skull base, orbits, cranial nerves, and vital blood vessels. Tumor lysis syndrome following antineoplastic drug chemotherapy. Conclusion germ cell tumors are diverse group of malignancies that require a multimodality approach in their management as they carry a high cure rate of upto 95% when treated effectively, their management and followup involves use of multiple imaging modalities and serological marker evaluation 73.
Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary is a rare complex malignant tumor that occurs in young women. Advanced endodermal sinus tumor with contralateral. Froum department o implant dentistry, new york university, new york, new york. Endodermal sinus tumor yolk sac tumor of the ear jama. Although rare, yolk sac tumor previously denoted as endodermal sinus tumor is the second most common malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary that affects children and adolescents. During a nasal endoscopy, a thin tube with a light and camera on the. Chemotherapy of endodermal sinus tumour yolk sac tumour.
The incidence of endodermal sinus tumor est or yolk sac tumor yst elements has been studied in two series of testicular germcell neoplasms in adults. We performed this study to determine the imaging characteristics of this tumor. We describe the ct and mr appearance of a solitary fibrous tumor of the paranasal sinuses with intracranial invasion. Pathological findings included lining squamous epithelium and inflammation.
Imagingof the paranasal sinuses and inoffice ct pauld. An endodermal sinus tumour in the retroperitoneal region was associated with the presence of alpha1fetoprotein afp in the patients serum. The clinical course in most patients with tumors composed of endodermal sinus tumor associated with dysgerminoma or other neoplastic germ cell elements does not differ greatly from that in patients with pure endodermal sinus tumors. Schwannoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses springerlink. Tnm staging of head and neck cancer and neck dissection. The incidence of yolk sac tumor endodermal sinus tumor elements was studied in 147 germ cell neoplasms of the testis in adults observed over a 4 12. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Association of endodermal sinus tumour, testicular. We report what is, to our knowledge, the first known case of an endodermal sinus tumor of the ear. Endodermal sinus tumor est is a member of the germ cell tumor group of cancers. The ct scan is important in assessing the extent of the tumor and demonstrating the involvement of. Craniofacial resection this surgery is indicated when tumor involves the roof of the ethmoid sinus. All indications are that she has a tumor in her nasal sinus cavity.
Mar 19, 2014 sinusitis is a common disease in the horse. Mr evaluation of spinal dermal sinus tracts in children. The prognostic significance of endodermal sinus tumor. To ensure the optimum oncological results, the primary tumour must be. The subsequent abnormal development of the maxillary teeth is described and discussed in. To get spatial sense of the equine specific communication ways between the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses, heads of 19 horses, aged 2 to 26 years, were analyzed using threedimensional 3d reformatted.
It is the most common testicular tumor in children under 3, and is also known as infantile embryonal carcinoma. Grafting the floor of the maxillary sinus has become the most common surgical intervention. Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer early detection. Endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina terenziani 2007. Extragonadal yolk sac tumor of the vulva first, it was a rare case of mixed germ cell tumors with components of endodermal sinus tumor and embryonal carcinoma which is the least common 16%. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor of the maxilla. We report a rare case of endodermal sinus tumor est of the paranasal sinus in a 59yearold man with a 6week history of nasal obstruction. Highresolution mri showed a right nasoethmoid mass. Type 2 sacrococcygeal teratoma endodermal sinus tumor.
Background the word sinus comes from a latin word meaning fold or pocket. Malignant germ cell tumors are rare tumors of the childhood accounting for less than 3 % of pediatric malignancies. Typical features are schillerduval bodies and eosinophilic hyaline. Effect of maxillary sinus augmentation on the survival of endosseous dental implants. A rare case of a 10yearold girl with an endodermal sinus tumor that occurred in the nasal cavity is presented. If you have problems viewing pdf files, download the latest version of adobe reader. The cytoskeletal expression was also studied by gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. Ovarian endodermal sinus tumors yolk sac, are malignant neoplasms of germinal origin, which are characterized. Alphafoetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen in germ.
The actuarial survival for the entire group was 39%. Mar 31, 2020 the location of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses make them extremely close to vital structures. Apr 25, 2018 in contrast, inflammatory diseases often show tumor like appearances. Mediastinal endodermal sinus tumors genetic and rare. These tumors, which commonly develop in infants, young children, and young women, often originate in the gonads and are distributed along the central axis of the body. Endodermal sinus tumor of vagina posing a diagnostic. Primary yolk sac tumor endodermal sinus tumor of the vulva. Histological examination of the resected tumor and coccyx demonstrated malignant teratoma with extensive endodermal sinus tumor and tumor at the resected margins. The complexity of the anatomy of the maxillary sinus and its proximity to vital structures like eyes, brain, and cranial nerves makes the complete surgical removal challenging, which can lead to treatment failure. Mar 19, 2020 the maxillary sinuses are the largest of the all the paranasal sinuses. Endodermal sinus yolk sac tumor elements in testicular germcell tumors in adults. Effect of maxillary sinus augmentation on the survival of. Primary yolk sac tumor originating from the endometrium.
Histopathology showed an endodermal sinus tumor, a rare cause of calcified peritoneal carcinomatosis. They have thin walls which are often penetrated by the long roots of the posterior maxillary teeth. Approximately 50 cases of est of the vagina or uterine. The workup for patients with suspected paranasal sinus tumors includes complete head and neck. We report a 3yearold boy with an endodermal sinus tumour arising in the greater omentum, which may be the second reported case in the english literature. Through they arise more commonly in the head and neck than other regions, a through search in the liturature including medline revealed only about 47 reported cases of schwannoma in the paranasal sinuses of which the maxillary sinus involvement is more common.
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